Lean Library Workspace User Case Study: Leonardo Pegollo June 4, 2024
It is the dawn of a new academic year and students from all over the world are flocking back to campuses, many of whom have been studying or working from home for some time. One of these academics is our loyal Lean Library Workspace user, Leonardo Pegollo. He is a public health resident physician in Italy, and in this story, he explains how Lean Library Workspace has been instrumental to his work and studies, and why he’s so eager to recommend our service to others.
After six years of medical school, Leonardo tells us that each time he starts a new academic year, he feels that the cycle starts anew and this is an exciting but daunting realisation at times. But one thing he can count on is the knowledge that there are tools available that will make his life easier as a researcher, and one of those is Lean Library Workspace.
Leonardo explains, “Back in the day when I was just a PDF hoarder, I used different apps and tools to regulate my flow of information. Storing articles, getting metadata and incorporating them into projects was a tedious process that often clashed with my writing software.” He continues. “Each app I tried, was just a different kind of nightmare. Working with other people further complicated the matter as integrating citations or working on a group of papers for a common project was afflicted by errors, program conflicts and cumbersome syncing.”
Leonardo would often dream of a service that would be easily accessible from a computer for handy PDF upload and could easily integrate into collaborative platforms. He explains “I wasn’t really questioning the status quo, I was just dealing with the issues that every researcher does at some point, and thinking of them as an obstruction to my modest scientific production.”
”There is a lot to love about Lean Library Workspace and I could not be happier to use a software tool that is worth every cent of its subscription.
Leonardo recalls that a day he will definitely remember was the day he was introduced to Lean Library Workspace. “It was the very beginning of my final thesis development. The pandemic was hitting hard and I needed to work with many collaborators, online, without losing precious time with citations, styles and endless syncing errors.” He explains. “A dear friend of mine suggested Lean Library Workspace as a solution for all my problems. A wonderful world made of seamless interaction, effortless citations and a variety of options to satisfy journal formatting guidelines. Not only this, but Lean Library Workspace gives me the ability to bring all my papers and project folders together, using just my access credentials. This has been a real game-changer!”
He goes on to explain that since he first became aware of Lean Library Workspace he has begun a personal quest to convert friends and colleagues to using it, as he has found that Lean Library Workspace has blurred the boundaries between ideas and production of a scientific article. “The idea of zipping through draft papers with citations and their style already in order, perfectly linked and updating with the text, has earned me the (benevolent) envy of my department!”
”Lean Library Workspace gives me the ability to bring all my papers and project folders together, using just my access credentials. This has been a real game changer!
With the new academic year upon us, Leonardo sees this as the perfect time to share his experience of Lean Library Workspace with colleagues. “With Lean Library Workspace, both myself and my colleagues have been able to publish two systematic reviews. This is because Lean Library Workspace finally allows us to be scientists rather than robotic compilers, as I now save so much time managing my references.”
He also explains how much he likes the discovery tool available on Lean Library Workspace. “Lean Library Workspace also helps the discovery of new papers that is based on my imports. This has made Lean Library Workspace the place to not only write my papers but also to stimulate ideas!”
He finishes his glowing review of Lean Library Workspace by telling us how much he enjoys it overall. “There is a lot to love about Lean Library Workspace and I could not be happier to use a software tool that is worth every cent of its subscription. Of course, the free tier has very few limitations but as we say in Italy “appetite increases by eating (or “l’appetito vien mangiando”), you will love the flexibility of project folders and they will become your ally in organizing your ideas.”
If you’d like to receive a product demo, get in touch.
Lean Library Workspace User Case Study: Jocelyn Anderson June 4, 2024
We spoke with avid Lean Library Workspace user and forensic nurse, Jocelyn Anderson, her pronouns are she/her/hers. Her work in forensics led her to work in the field of violence research. This means that her work tends to answer questions related to how violence impacts health and ways in which health care providers can help to improve health and justice outcomes for patients. In this story, she shares how she first learned about Lean Library Workspace and how it has helped her research.
Jocelyn’s initial inspirations for pursuing a career in nursing started when she was in college. “I was trying to figure out what I wanted to be when I grew up, and a mentor who was a nurse told me that if I went into medicine I’d complete residency and then end up stuck in a speciality and bored.” She continues “But that as a nurse there are nearly unlimited options for career movement, growth, and change. No shade to the fabulous physician colleagues out there, but I think she was right, and I am super happy I chose the path I did.”
Jocelyn has never looked back since entering the field of nursing, and her favourite part of her job is that as a nurse and researcher she will never be bored. “Some days I am seeing patients who were sexually assaulted via a telehealth program, some days I’m doing research about sexual violence and alcohol use among college students, some days I’m teaching students Introduction to Forensic Nursing, and some days now I’m working with community organizations to give COVID-19 vaccines in high school gyms and on dairy farms.” However, she does mention that like many jobs out there, the downside to her work is completing the dreaded task of paperwork (which I’m sure many of us can relate to).
Jocelyn mentions that she was originally introduced to Lean Library Workspace during her postdoc. “The lab I worked in during my postdoc switched to Lean Library Workspace shortly after I left. Some of my friends and colleagues there said they really liked it and that it was way nicer than the product we had been using before.” she continues, “I was still tying up with this lab, so I also switched over to Lean Library Workspace and I started dabbling. I eventually got hooked and switched my own fledgling lab over.”
Her favorite feature available on Lean Library Workspace is the Google Docs integration. “(Previously), having to upload and download the files from Google to Word to work on the file as a team then work on the references – and not being able to have everyone see or edit the references in real-time was definitely annoying. (With Lean Library Workspace) being able to work with friends and colleagues geographically divided, on a paper or grant and have the references be up-to-date is so fabulous.”
”Science doesn’t happen in a vacuum, teaching don’t happen in a vacuum. It’s been really challenging to be or feel productive without the opportunity to be in the spaces I’m use to and with the people I’m use to.
Recently Jocelyn has been working on a couple of different projects using Lean Library Workspace – some of this work includes looking at HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (medications to prevent HIV given after an exposure) following sexual assault. “My team has been doing interviews with patients and health care providers to discuss what the conversations around that currently look like – with an ultimate goal of building an internet-based, multimedia tool to help share information in an accurate and more streamlined manner.”
She explains that she found moving over to Lean Library Workspace a pretty straightforward process. “I have been in pretty much every reference manager you can imagine at this point, tried many to try to figure out what I like and don’t,” she says. “I used some because they were what was accessible during undergrad or grad school. So I’ve had a lot of practice moving libraries around at this point. Lean Library Workspace’s ability to import with just a list of DOIs is another fabulous feature though!”
If you’d like to receive a product demo, get in touch.
Lean Library Case Study: University of Lancaster June 4, 2024
Product: Lean Library Futures
User-centred strategies and point of need content: working with Libraries as Partners
How Lean Library have worked with Lancaster University to:
Support their user-centred strategy
Raise online visibility of unique and distinct special collections
Deliver librarian support into patron workflows.
“We want to move away from having our special collections and archives locked away in rooms and, of course the physical is important, but we want to make sure that people who have an interest in our collections can see it and make use of it be they in Lancaster or be they in Texas, China or wherever. So, using Lean Library to help us surface that content within Lancaster Digital Collections will be absolutely key.”
Andrew Barker, Director of Library Services & Learning Development
What is Lean Library Futures?
Ever wished you could nudge your patrons away from Wikipedia or Google and showcase the wealth of relevant content you have collected and collated for them? With Lean Library Futures, you can showcase relevant publisher content at the point of need – whether it’s research methods on Wikipedia or medical terms on Google.
Our premium service bringing all of your library into your patrons’ workflows, increasing usage and relevance of your library services and resources. Lean Library Futures has all the features of our other options plus more.
The challenge
Libraries put in a considerable amount of time, money and effort developing special collections, but in today’s digital landscape, can struggle to increase visibility and usage.
Patrons don’t always start their research at the library, and often have to step outside their workflows to access library content.
Special collections are still very much viewed as physical collections, and as a result, patrons aren’t aware they can find them in the online digital library space.
“I was particularly impressed by Lean Library’s proposal to work with them as development partners. So much resonated with me in terms of where our users go and what they would like the library to do and where they would like the library to be visible when we’re not the first port of call. Given the amount of money we spend on content it was very central to our vision with Lean Library that we get as much value in surfacing the content and making our users aware that the content they’re using, or can use, is ours.”
Andrew Barker, Director of Library Services & Learning Development
The solution
Lancaster University are working with Lean Library to:
Enhance their user-centred strategy by ensuring their patrons can find the right content at the right time, without leaving their workflow.
Using Lean Library’s content integration capabilities, Lancaster will be able to set up keywords that link directly from webpages such as Wikipedia and Google Scholar, directly to their special collections.
To support their strategy and ensure patrons are receiving relevant librarian expertise at the point of need, Lancaster will also be able to surface relevant messages regarding Open Access agreements and surface their library chat feature on any webpage.
“Working with Lean Library as a development partner is as much about how we can be innovative within our university, as it is about working in a more imaginative and creative way with our vendor colleagues to think differently about what library content looks like and how it is pushed out and how we can make use of the Open Access content that is clearly vital to our future successors. The idea of working together with our students to co-create content and ensure that content is available at ‘point of need’ fits in very well with both Lean Library’s ambition and what we want to do as a library in relation to content.”
Andrew Barker, Director of Library Services & Learning Development
Lean Library Features: Library Service Workflow Integrations Themes: User centricity, demand driven acquisition, point of need content, special collections, librarian/ patron interactions
Figure 1: The Workflow Librarian sidebar, which shows the various options available to patrons when searching on Google, including the ability to chat directly with the library, without leaving their workflow.
Figure 2: An example of Lancaster University content popping up on Wiley’s Open Access pages, to advise patrons on Lancaster’s existing open access agreements.
Figure 3: An example of Lancaster Digital Collections deployed on Wikipedia, using Lean Library’s keyword feature.
“It’s early days for us but we think our developing partnership with Lean Library will ensure that we live our vision and leverage value from our existing content as we move forwards.” – Andrew Barker,
Director of Library Services & Learning Development
Unlocking The Power of Lean Library’s Assist Messages: Effective Use Cases May 24, 2024
Many students aren’t aware of the full extent regarding how their library can help them with their studies and research, meaning that key library messages or guidance aren’t reaching students at the point of need. Assist Messages allows your library to communicate personalized messages to patrons via the Lean Library browser extension when they visit specific websites. This tool ensures that your communication is targeted and timely, providing guidance at point of need and enhancing the overall research experience for your patrons.
An example of an Assist Message popping up to let the student know they can access New York Times via their library
You might be wondering where to start with assist messages. Don’t worry, we’ve compiled a list of some of the best assist messages and their most effective use cases to help you get started.
Starting simple
The most viewed assist message on the Lean Library platform illustrates how even small messages can have a big impact.
This message appears when patrons land on Google, highlighting the Lean Library extension and reminding them of its purpose. Short, simple messages like this help ensure that students remain aware of the support available from their library.
Saving money
Libraries play a crucial role in making sure studying is affordable and accessible for all, but our research shows that many students aren’t fully aware of the range of services provided to them by their library. In this context, patrons are reminded that the library can save them money with an assist message displayed on the New York Times homepage.
With tens of thousands of views, this message has repeatedly reminded patrons of the valuable services their library provides.
Signposting the way
It’s not always a straightforward path to the website you’re looking for, especially when trying to differentiate between commercial sites and student-facing sites. Erasmus University Rotterdam has deployed a useful assist message on the LexisNexis homepage to signpost patrons to the Nexis Uni site, keeping them on track.
As context: the name LexisNexis is better known than the name of the database, Nexis Uni. A Google search for ‘Nexis Uni’ brings students also to a LexisNexis page (with a login option that only works when you are connected to the network of the university). The link Nexis Uni is a friendly LibGuide URL, which is an EZproxied URL, so students can easily access the database when they are off-campus.
Judith Gulpers, Erasmus University Rotterdam
Flagging alternative routes to content
One of the benefits of Lean Library is quick and seamless access to content. Even when this isn’t straightforward (for example, accessing an archive with content dating back to the 1800s), assist messages can help as demonstrated below.
Help patrons
In this use case, Lean Library users are reminded of the support available to them through an assist message deployed when they land on the ScienceDirect homepage.
Increase traffic to resources you already pay for
Communicating the full range of services the library provides can be challenging, as the services the library pays for stretch far beyond books and journals! Zuyd Hogeschool reminds patrons landing on Primal Pictures that they have access to the Anatomy TV resource through the library.
Lean Library is an ideal tool to show that our students do use the library. Even when they don’t always physically visit us, they get a gentle reminder of all the resources that are available to them!
Jill Penders, Zuyd Hogeschool
Direct patrons to your collections
While the role of the library continues to evolve, the collection is still a vital component of the library’s provision. Assist messages can streamline the patron experience and simplify access to the collection.
Connect patrons with reliable sources
It’s vitally important now more than ever, to ensure that patrons are engaging with reliable, high-quality resources during their research. In our second Librarian Futures report, we found that librarians are low on the list of people that students approach for help. The challenge for librarians is reaching students to give them this support.
Universities can display an assist message when patrons land on Wikipedia, encouraging them to access reliable resources through their institution’s library.
Lean Library in action!
If you’re interested in seeing this feature in action and discovering how Lean Library can benefit your library, please schedule a demo with us.
Announcing the Technology from Sage LinkedIn page! May 7, 2024
Exciting changes are underway at Technology from Sage! As part of our rebrand (coming soon), we’ve created a new LinkedIn page for Technology from Sage page. This means we’ll be shutting down the existing Sciwheel and Lean Library LinkedIn pages by 31st May 2024.
Why the Change?
Technology from Sage is a curated suite of library technologies that amplify the value of your library. We feel it’s time for Technology from Sage to have its own dedicated LinkedIn page, with Sciwheel and Lean Library as products located within the page. This will streamline our communication with you all, and mean you only need to visit one page to get all Technology from Sage related news.
What You Can Expect:
1. Continued Thought Leadership:
Technology from Sage remain committed to bringing librarians the latest thought pieces and forward-looking perspectives on the digital landscape, for example, our Librarian Futures series of whitepapers. Launching the Technology from Sage LinkedIn page strengthens our ability to share in-depth analyses and expert opinions by pooling our resources into one page instead of three.
2. Engaging Content which Reflects our Expertise:
As several of the Technology from Sage team are academic librarians, our content strategy remains centred around valuable and engaging material which reflects the current and future needs of academic libraries. Whether it’s industry insights, product updates, or blog posts where you can learn more about our team, we’re dedicated to delivering a diverse range of content that resonates with you.
Join Us Over on LinkedIn!
We value each of you as a part of our community. If you don’t currently follow us, give us a follow to receive content relating to our entire suite of library technologies.
Key dates:
20th May 2024: Our new LinkedIn page update for Technology from Sage will launch.
31st May 2024: Sciwheel and Lean Library pages will be shut down.
Thank you for your continued support. Here’s to exciting times ahead! 🚀
A Student’s Perspective: A Comparison of Lean Library Open, Third Iron’s LibKey, and EndNote Click April 25, 2024
This guest blog is by Eva, a student at University College London (UCL) in the UK, who has access to the free version of Lean Library. In this blog, Eva compares the basic functionality of Lean Library to the other academic workflow tools in this space. Next, we’ll be getting Eva access to all the wider functionality that Lean Library Futures offers, including connecting users to LibGuides, LibChat and other library guidance on any academic resource online, surfacing the library discovery service on sites like Google Scholar, and more. Stay tuned for Eva’s full review.
As the majority of students start their research journey outside of the library discovery, imagine having your library holdings accessible to your patrons within their workflow.
Lean Library puts your library on your patrons’ shoulders via one easy-to-use extension on their browser, simplifying online access to library content and services and open access alternatives. Lean Library embeds library collections and services into the patrons’ workflow – whether they start on Google Scholar, PubMed, or beyond.
Meet Eva, an undergraduate student beginning her academic journey. Let’s join her as she explores Lean Library alongside Third Iron’s LibKey and EndNote Click and shares her experiences of using these library technology tools for her studies.
Let’s get to know Eva
As a first-year BA Education Studies student at UCL’s Institute of Education, my day-to-day life revolves around lots of research and essay writing, particularly in the fields of educational psychology, policies, philosophy, globalization, and sociology. I often start my research on Google Scholar and JSTOR, which I have found to be valuable resources for essay writing and pre-lecture recordings.
My biggest frustration in my learning experience before beginning to use these tools has been finding the right article that fits the context of my research. Often when I had found the right article, it would be behind a paywall and required a subscription to access it.
I then discovered that UCL’s library had various tools available to support me during my research: Lean Library, Third Iron’s LibKey and EndNote Click. While all three have made my life as a student much easier for me, Lean Library has stood out as the superior choice especially for a student like me beginning my university journey.
Here’s why:
Overview of Each Tool
Note: This comparison is of the free version of Lean Library only. Our premium offering has an array of additional features to streamline the academic workflow.
Lean Library
Lean Library simplifies access to full-text articles and eBooks by providing direct links to resources. It’s super easy for users to request unavailable articles from the library with just a simple click. Additionally, Lean Library allows for easy citing and offers different citation formats (APA, Harvard, etc.) that are quick and easy to use.
In my experience, Lean Library has been a fantastic tool for accessing full-text articles. Depending on the situation, I usually opt for Lean Library when the interface pops up quicker on a website or if only Lean Library provides access to the full text.
Similarly, when I need to do a quick citation, Lean Library’s “Get Citation” button proves to be more efficient than other tools like EndNote, which requires more steps. Lean Library has been an invaluable tool in streamlining my research process since I have integrated it into my workflow.
Third Iron
Third Iron’s LibKey provides links to full-text articles through their one-click to PDF functionality. Third Iron offers other complementary products such as ‘LibKey Discovery’, ‘LibKey.io’, and ‘Browzine’, each offering different methods to access articles and literature.
My biggest use-case of LibKey is for psychology-related assignments, where I usually find LibKey the fastest in accessing the “APA PsycNet” and “Wiley” than the other two browser extensions.
EndNote Click
EndNote Click is a browser extension that also simplifies access to full-text articles. It also allows users to save the article to “My locker” for future reference and offers additional features such as downloading PDFs, visiting journal pages, and managing tags.
Personally, I found the “My Locker” function particularly useful during my research for essays. When balancing multiple articles at the same time, this feature helped me organise my research efficiently. Instead of dealing with the stress of switching between multiple open tabs, “My Locker” allowed me to view all saved articles with their titles, authors and publication dates in one place. This streamlined my research process by reducing clutter and making it more manageable.
However, it’s worth noting that the EndNote Click pop-up interface gets hidden behind the LibKey pop-up. To access EndNote Click, I had to manually close the LibKey pop-up first which is slightly inconvenient.
Key Capabilities of Lean Library
User Friendliness & Accessibility
Ease of Use & Clarity in Interface
Support Functions
User Friendliness:
What Third Iron offers:
What EndNote Click offers:
What sets Lean Library apart:
7/10
5/10
9/10
The interface is slightly too small to be seen and is often blocked by the Cookies pop-up on various websites, due to its placement on the bottom right-hand corner of the page.
Not only does the interface be obstructed by the website’s Cookies pop-up, but it is often also covered by the LibKey interface.
Lean Library provides a big and clear pop-up interface at the top right corner of the screen. It is obvious, without being intrusive and easily guides users to access the direct link to their resource.
Ease of Use:
What Third Iron offers:
What EndNote Click offers:
What sets Lean Library apart:
9/10
7/10
9/10
LibKey’s biggest strength is their One-Click to ‘Download PDF’, which is straightforward and easy to navigate, saving time for students like me during their research process.
The browser interface labelled “EN,” which abbreviates EndNote, initially confused me as “English.” Users might mistakenly interpret it as a translation feature for articles or websites into English.
Lean Library’s pop-up has clear, big buttons for features such as ‘Get Citation’ or ‘Access Full-Article’, which allows for a quick and simple flow.
Support Functions:
What Third Iron offers:
What EndNote Click offers:
What sets Lean Library apart:
6/10
9/10
8/10
The main reason I have used LibKey is solely for the functionality of being directly linked to the full-text article.
There are many supportive features available on the function menu bar that are beneficial for my research and essay writing.
Alongside the ability to access full-text resources, the citation feature has been a very useful feature during my research, saving me time and helping me accurately reference as a first-year student with little knowledge of referencing.
Feature Comparisons Overview
In conclusion, the three tools have been beneficial to my studies in various ways and have helped streamline my research process. On comparing the features of each tool, EndNote Click has the most features available, with Third Iron’s LibKey having the least, however, their one-click to PDF has been very helpful in saving time accessing full-text articles. Lean Library has the most straightforward interface design and clearly directs you to access the article, eBook, etc., or create the citation. Notably, on comparisons of the three tools, Lean Library appeared to pop-up on more pages than the others.
My favourite features are:
Lean Library
From my personal experience, I like how effortless it is to cite my source using Lean Library’s browser extension, just one click and I can select the format of the citation and copy it to my assignment. This saves me lots of time, as I am easily citing sources as I go along, ensuring I have my references organised and avoid situations where I miss out on a source in the reference list.
Third Iron’s LibKey
I have used LibKey primarily as a supplementary tool alongside the other browser extensions. However, LibKey’s pop-up frequently appears slightly more quickly than the other browser extensions and directs me to the full-text article when Lean Library is unavailable.
EndNote Click:
My favourite aspect is the “My Locker” feature, which organises the articles I’ve viewed. This feature is particularly helpful during essay writing, as it allows me to compare multiple articles, keeping my workflow tidy and streamlined.
Eva’s Favourite Tool
Lean Library stands out as my favourite, as it makes the tedious research and essay writing process significantly quicker and simpler. Its ability to quickly and automatically detect whether the library has full access to an article or eBook, regardless of the field of discipline I am researching, speeds up my research process. This feature, combined with the convenience of the single click for requesting unavailable materials eliminates the frustration of not being able to access the article at that time.
Lean Library saves me valuable time, as I don’t need to spend time searching for the hard copy in the library, which may be unavailable or outdated. The overall setup for Lean Library requires minimal steps and is accessible to everyone, regardless of their level of ICT skills. It effectively brings the library to me, integrating academic resources seamlessly into my learning journey at the university.
Lean Library’s Library Subscriptions
Lean Library’s library subscriptions takes the library directly to patrons within their workflow. With Lean Library Access, Lean Library Workflow for LibGuides and Lean Library Futures, patrons gain access to numerous additional features that enhance their research experience. These features include streamlining access to the library holdings, providing assist messages to guide patrons, offering the library’s LibGuides to patrons and enabling them to check for print books, all of which from within the patrons workflow via the browser extension.
8 Insights on Navigating AI and the Academic Wilderness April 22, 2024
We presented a session with University of Phoenix, Springshare and Sage Campus on how academic libraries can ensure that students receive the correct guidance at the point of need. As technology continues to advance, AI is making its way into various aspects of our lives, including Higher Education, with students navigating Generative AI tools such as ChatGPT themselves.
The University of Phoenix shared their experience of combining Lean Library‘s iFraming technology with Springshare’s LibGuides integration to deliver library support and guidance on AI directly into patron workflows.
Who were the speakers?
Read on to discover 8 insights about how libraries can provide students with the AI guidance they need:
1. Students are stressed with 58% of 18-34-year-olds feeling overwhelmed
A study from University of Northampton regarding an AI Special Interest Group found that students have ethical concerns regarding the use of Generative AI and are worried about implications relating to bias and accuracy. Most notably, they felt like they didn’t have the skills to use AI effectively for their studies. Talia from Springshare explained that when students need ‘live’ help with AI, they don’t want to chat with AI – they want to talk to a person! This positions the library in a unique spot where they can come in and provide contextual point of need help in the form of LibGuides, LibChat and Sage Campus.
2. 37% of librarians feel unprepared to answer student questions about AI
This research is from our latest Librarian Futures report, The Librarian Skills Landscape, which consists of global perspectives from over 2,000 academic library professionals regarding the emerging skills required to fulfil a library’s mission. This shows that librarians have an important role to play in expansion of their own knowledge of AI in academia, and ensuring students are aware of the challenges, risks and concerns around AI. How do librarians increase their knowledge of AI?
3. It’s key to put together a cross-functional team and launch a Generative AI philosophy statement
PJ Purchase at University of Phoenix emphasized establishing a cross-functional team with key stakeholders was key in setting up an AI Hub as there were varying degrees of knowledge within the library. The AI Hub is an open center which enables any member of staff within the university to up-skill. There’s training materials, documents and articles from top industry leaders which enables staff to learn more about Generative AI. Additionally, University of Phoenix decided they were going to embrace Generative AI for themselves and their students, and they needed to decide some parameters around how they thought it was going to be used.
4. Librarians need to compile materials to help support students with their AI journey
PJ Purchase explained University of Phoenix library is collating these content pieces in phases. Phase one involved writing the guidance materials, whereas phase two is to create a Learning Center through which to teach the ethical use of AI. The Learning Centre focuses on learning objectives which are woven into coursework, for example, to measure AI skills or on-demand training for upskilling. This training could lead to badging opportunities in the future. What tools can libraries use to surface their guidance in patron workflows?
5. The most desired channel for students to hear from their library is via the library homepage and where and when they need it
Research from student data within our first Librarian Futures report (2021) found that 59% students would prefer to hear from the library via their homepage, and 55% said only where and when they need it. This raises questions as to what extent the library homepage is an efficient channel when most students begin their research outside of the library on sites such as Google and Google Scholar.
6. Push library guidance to students via Lean Library and Springshare’s LibGuides
The phrase “If you build it, they will come” doesn’t really work in libraries with students not easily discovering library guidance at the point of need. How can librarians make sure they meet students where they are in their workflow? University of Phoenix utilize their library tools to combine Lean Library’s iFraming technology with Springshare’s LibGuides integration to deliver library support directly into patron workflows. This means when students are searching for research on the web, the Lean Library browser extension will lead students back to content, such as LibGuides, within the library’s collection with one click. Another use for this integration could be that when a student lands on Open.ai or ChatGPT, they’ll see a LibGuide from their library with tips for using ChatGPT ethically and generating the best research outcomes.
7. Springshare’s LibChat prompts students at the point of need to reach out to their librarian
Springshare’s LibChat integration enables librarians to create their own chatbot “flows” to guide end-users towards the answers and resources they’re looking for, before they talk to a librarian, prompting students to choose the type of help they’re looking for.
8. Sage Campus’ free ‘The Art of ChatGPT Interactions‘ course teaches students how to use ChatGPT effectively
The newly launched Sage Campus and Lean Library integration surfaces their new short online course, The Art of ChatGPT Interactions, to students and researchers when they are in locations within the OpenAI.com domain. The course was designed by AI expert Dr Leo. S Lo, Dean of the College of University Libraries & Learning Sciences at the University of New Mexico. This means students can learn about using AI effectively, improve their prompt engineering and achieve outcomes for their studies and research, without their workflow being interrupted.
Want to learn more?
We hope you’ve enjoyed learning the different ways that university libraries can use tools to help students navigate the ‘academic wilderness’. If you’d like to find out more about the recently launched Sage Campus and Lean Library integration, catch up on the webinar recording below:
We presented a session with University of Phoenix, Springshare and Sage Campus on how academic libraries can ensure that students receive the correct guidance at the point of need. As technology continues to advance, AI is making its way into various aspects of our lives, including Higher Education, with students navigating Generative AI tools such as ChatGPT themselves.
The University of Phoenix shared their experience of combining Lean Library‘s iFraming technology with Springshare’s LibGuides integration to deliver library support and guidance on AI directly into patron workflows.
Who were the speakers?
Read on to discover 8 insights about how libraries can provide students with the AI guidance they need:
1. Students are stressed with 58% of 18-34-year-olds feeling overwhelmed
A study from University of Northampton regarding an AI Special Interest Group found that students have ethical concerns regarding the use of Generative AI and are worried about implications relating to bias and accuracy. Most notably, they felt like they didn’t have the skills to use AI effectively for their studies. Talia from Springshare explained that when students need ‘live’ help with AI, they don’t want to chat with AI – they want to talk to a person! This positions the library in a unique spot where they can come in and provide contextual point of need help in the form of LibGuides, LibChat and Sage Campus.
2. 37% of librarians feel unprepared to answer student questions about AI
This research is from our latest Librarian Futures report, The Librarian Skills Landscape, which consists of global perspectives from over 2,000 academic library professionals regarding the emerging skills required to fulfil a library’s mission. This shows that librarians have an important role to play in expansion of their own knowledge of AI in academia, and ensuring students are aware of the challenges, risks and concerns around AI. How do librarians increase their knowledge of AI?
3. It’s key to put together a cross-functional team and launch a Generative AI philosophy statement
PJ Purchase at University of Phoenix emphasized establishing a cross-functional team with key stakeholders was key in setting up an AI Hub as there were varying degrees of knowledge within the library. The AI Hub is an open center which enables any member of staff within the university to up-skill. There’s training materials, documents and articles from top industry leaders which enables staff to learn more about Generative AI. Additionally, University of Phoenix decided they were going to embrace Generative AI for themselves and their students, and they needed to decide some parameters around how they thought it was going to be used.
4. Librarians need to compile materials to help support students with their AI journey
PJ Purchase explained University of Phoenix library is collating these content pieces in phases. Phase one involved writing the guidance materials, whereas phase two is to create a Learning Center through which to teach the ethical use of AI. The Learning Centre focuses on learning objectives which are woven into coursework, for example, to measure AI skills or on-demand training for upskilling. This training could lead to badging opportunities in the future. What tools can libraries use to surface their guidance in patron workflows?
5. The most desired channel for students to hear from their library is via the library homepage and where and when they need it
Research from student data within our first Librarian Futures report (2021) found that 59% students would prefer to hear from the library via their homepage, and 55% said only where and when they need it. This raises questions as to what extent the library homepage is an efficient channel when most students begin their research outside of the library on sites such as Google and Google Scholar.
6. Push library guidance to students via Lean Library and Springshare’s LibGuides
The phrase “If you build it, they will come” doesn’t really work in libraries with students not easily discovering library guidance at the point of need. How can librarians make sure they meet students where they are in their workflow? University of Phoenix utilize their library tools to combine Lean Library’s iFraming technology with Springshare’s LibGuides integration to deliver library support directly into patron workflows. This means when students are searching for research on the web, the Lean Library browser extension will lead students back to content, such as LibGuides, within the library’s collection with one click. Another use for this integration could be that when a student lands on Open.ai or ChatGPT, they’ll see a LibGuide from their library with tips for using ChatGPT ethically and generating the best research outcomes.
7. Springshare’s LibChat prompts students at the point of need to reach out to their librarian
Springshare’s LibChat integration enables librarians to create their own chatbot “flows” to guide end-users towards the answers and resources they’re looking for, before they talk to a librarian, prompting students to choose the type of help they’re looking for.
8. Sage Campus’ free ‘The Art of ChatGPT Interactions‘ course teaches students how to use ChatGPT effectively
The newly launched Sage Campus and Lean Library integration surfaces their new short online course, The Art of ChatGPT Interactions, to students and researchers when they are in locations within the OpenAI.com domain. The course was designed by AI expert Dr Leo. S Lo, Dean of the College of University Libraries & Learning Sciences at the University of New Mexico. This means students can learn about using AI effectively, improve their prompt engineering and achieve outcomes for their studies and research, without their workflow being interrupted.
Want to learn more?
We hope you’ve enjoyed learning the different ways that university libraries can use tools to help students navigate the ‘academic wilderness’. If you’d like to find out more about the recently launched Sage Campus and Lean Library integration, catch up on the webinar recording below:
Lean Library Cite: Streamlining Your Patrons’ Citation Process April 2, 2024
Lean Library Cite initially launched in February and has now been updated with improved functionality and new capabilities, which helps streamline your patron’s citation process further. Cite enables students and researchers to easily generate and copy references of articles they access online, via the Lean Library browser extension, to use for writing or with their reference manager of choice – whether Zotero, EndNote, Mendeley, Sciwheel or more.
What is Lean Library?
Lean Library puts your library on your patrons’ shoulders via an easy-to-use extension on their browser. It simplifies online access to library content and open access alternatives and embeds library collections and services into the patrons’ workflow – whether they start on Google Scholar, PubMed, or beyond.
This new feature builds upon the existing product loved by librarians and their patrons worldwide, now guiding students and researchers from the discovery stage of their workflow to the citation stage ready for authoring their work.
What is Lean Library Cite and what does it do?
Lean Library Cite simplifies the citation process by generating accurate citations for journal articles and eBooks that patrons are reading, from within the Lean Library pop-up. Patrons can now effortlessly obtain and copy citations for materials as they read with an easy “Get Citation” button.
Once clicked, the citation will be copied to their clipboard, allowing your patrons to easily paste it when writing or into their reference manager of choice.
Cite also allows libraries to select the library’s preferred citation style, which will then prominently appear at the top of the citation style drop-down menu for patrons. This feature enables librarians to easily guide patrons towards the citation styles commonly used within their institution.
And that is not all! Cite also alerts patrons when metadata is missing from fields, such as the title or author. This functionality allows patrons to then enter the correct data to accurately complete the citation.
Why did we create Cite and how does it benefit patrons?
Citation can be time-consuming and daunting, particularly for lower-level undergraduate students with no prior experience in the world of citation, academic writing, or using reference management tools. Simultaneously, the increasing popularity of integrating Generative AI, such as ChatGPT into their research workflow, underscores the increasing importance of accurate citation for both students and researchers.
Lean Library guides patrons seamlessly from the discovery stage into the accurate authoring stage of their workflow by making citation simple with an easy-to-use solution that:
Saves patrons time by autogenerating citations
Ensures accurate citation, whatever the citation style
Boosts patron productivity when moving from discovery to writing
Provides flexibility to use with any reference manager or Word Processor.
What style of citation does it support?
Lean Library Cite integrates with the Citation Style Language to provide all major citation styles that your library may use.
What to expect next?
Lean Library will soon be extending Cite to further content types including Websites, and much more!
Lean Library in 2023: Innovations, Milestones and Events December 18, 2023
As we near the end of 2023, it’s time to take a trip down memory lane and reflect on what has been a fantastic year for Lean Library: A resource access and workflow services tool for libraries.
Lean Library has undergone growth and major development this year, thanks to our customer loyalty, feedback, and new university partners. Here’s what happened in 2023…
2023 in numbers: Saved patrons and libraries (a lot!) of time and money
Libraries work diligently to curate the best collections, resources and services to support their patrons. However, librarians are often the unsung heroes on and off campus, with students and researchers not properly utilizing (or even being aware of!) the extent of library services and resources.
Every day of 2023, Lean Library promoted and increased awareness of libraries by seamlessly bringing library content and services into patrons’ online workflows via the Lean Library browser extension (whether they were on Google, PudMed or beyond). This made patrons’ lives easier, improving their productivity and saving them time and money. And with over half a million downloads of the browser extension, Lean Library made a big impact around the world, as demonstrated in the infographic below:
Redesigned the extension: Lean Library got a makeover!
In 2023, we completely redesigned Lean Library and improved the browser extension to launch on all major web browsers, including Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, Opera, Mozilla Firefox, and Safari. This launch marked a significant step in Lean Library’s journey as the most comprehensive access broker and workflow tool with a goal to make learning and research workflows smoother than ever before.
The redesign was driven by invaluable feedback from librarians, students, and researchers. We completely revamped the browser extension to be quicker, sleeker, and better than before, with:
Arefreshed and intuitive design with minimum distractions that emphasizes your content to make it easily accessible to your patrons.
Streamlined navigation for an effortless browsing experience. All navigation is now on one side tray with notifications and features all in one place, enriching the library’s digital presence.
Enhanced performance and speed for a swifter browsing experience, giving patrons instant access to their favorite library resources.
Development in 2023: Doubling down on core features
Got serious about stats
Useful stats and insights are key to any library in demonstrating the value of a technology they implement. That’s why Lean Library launched a new Stats Insight Dashboard that provides insights on Lean Library’s stats on real-benefit factors including:
Time saved for patrons
Open Access content provided to patrons
Visibility of library/university branding
Usage compared to other libraries
This takes Lean Library beyond raw statistics to unveil the real value that Lean Library brings to institutions, making it simpler for librarians to demonstrate its value as a must-have tool. The impactful insights enable libraries to build a story around their patron’s usage and visualize the positive impact of Lean Library in transforming the library’s visibility and usage.
Advanced with Alternatives 2.0: Surfacing print books, full title books, and eBooks
The Alternatives feature is a core Lean Library feature that helps patrons access digital resources easily in alternative ways. In 2023, a series of improvements were released to Lean Library, dubbed ‘Alternatives 2.0’, to better support the library in uniting their diverse range of collections in the open web, from print to digital. We strive to be the solution that brings together these rich, library-held collections to users, when they would not typically go to the library environments to find them. The Alternatives 2.0 improvements are as follows:
Lean Library is now also compatible with ISBN for ILL/DDS: Previously, our ILL/DDS feature only supported only articles and books on a chapter level using DOI. Now, it supports full title compatibility via ISBN. This means patrons browsing for books online are shown free full title book alternatives in your library holdings, to save them buying resources you already have.
Lean Library now surfaces printbooks from your library collection: Given the shift in patron search behavior, where patrons no longer begin their search in the library, it extremely difficult for the library’s physical collections to be visible to patrons. To make physical collections more discoverable, this new feature enables patrons to easily check if there is a physical book alternative option available in your library when they land on books on bookseller websites.
Lean Library now surfaces Open Access eBooks alternatives for patrons: With Open Access monograph mandates looming, there will be an influx of Open Access monographs available from January 2024. Therefore, Lean Library has ingested the Directory of Open Access Books (DOAB), is managed by the OAPEN Foundation, to surface Open Access eBook alternatives when landing on bookseller sites.
How libraries increased awareness and usage of resources in 2023
Zurich University of the Arts raised awareness and drove usage of a special collection
Zurich University of the Arts implemented Lean Library to enhance their user-centered library strategy and make patrons aware of the many great resources they have access to – thanks to their library. They utilized Lean Library’s enhanced content integration feature to surface the library’s ‘Very Short Introductions‘ collection, which offers a concise and original introduction to a wide range of subjects. By surfacing this collection on Wikipedia and other sites, it promotes it to patrons at point of need.
Often Wikipedia is the starting point for basic research. By linking to the Very Short Introductions collection, we can inform our students and other members of the university of additional valuable information the library licences, and which patrons might not be aware of.”
Simone Welti, Library Information Specialist, Zurich University of the Arts
Kennesaw State University drastically increased patron usage of digital collections
In July 2023, Kennesaw State University Library implemented Lean Library to promote and drive usage of its digital collections. The library saw an drastic increase in library collected usage after implementing Lean Library, growing from 88 to 3,355 library resources accessedin just 4 months. That’s a whopping 3,712% increase, clearly highlighting the valuable Lean Library unlocks for both the library and patrons.
Lean Library has been instrumental in helping students and faculty become aware of the breadth of resources they can access through our subscriptions, particularly those provided through academic publishers.
Karen Doster-Greenleaf, Director of Research & Instructional Services/Librarian Associate Professor at Kennesaw State University
What other librarians and students said about Lean Library in 2023
The service makes my work in research and document finding that much easier for me. Thank you!”
Student, Kennesaw State University
I started using Lean Library when I started researching my dissertation and realized I couldn’t possibly go through 20 different pages of Google Scholar, figuring out if I had access to them. It’s saved me a lot of time.”
BA Student, University of Lincoln
Lean Library is a very useful tool, especially for students, who often forget about the search tools offered by the library… One of the best things is its human team… we are taken very good care of.”
Librarian, University of Extremadura
Community building in 2023
2023 has been a year full of many Lean Library webinars, conferences, and events that gathered librarians from all corners of the world – from the United States to Europe to Australia. We’ve been delighted to grow our connections and relationships with libraries across the globe and it has been a memorable journey for all of us at Lean Library.
Lean Library’s user community joined Tech from Sage Insight 2023
Lean Library’s user community came together in-person at the inaugural Tech from Sage Insight in Birmingham, UK. The event connected users to learn best practice, network, and workshop hot topics like AI in academia or the knowledge gap between librarians and students. Attendees gained insights from experts, learned about evolving needs of patrons, and explored ways to enhance their library through technology. It was a librarian’s dream event, but don’t worry if you missed out as the talks are still available here.
Hosted partner university events on how they’re using Lean Library
It was an honor to host an engaging in-person event at University of Salford, diving into the massive role academic libraries play in supporting student success and the challenges they face. University of Salford library presented on how they’ve used Lean Library to ensure students can seamlessly access vital study materials and bridge the knowledge gap between the library and students.
Presented sessions at key conferences in 2023
Lean Library had a blast presenting at various conferences throughout the year, including these sessions at ER&L in Texas and ACRL in Pittsburgh:
The team at Lean Library thank our university partners for a great year and look forward to connecting more libraries with their patrons in 2024. If your library is contemplating an access broker, looking to streamline access and drive usage of library holdings, or wants support moving toward a patron-centric approach, get in touch below to arrange a demo of Lean Library today.
5 Academic Community Resolutions for 2024 December 15, 2023
When conducting our research for our latest report Librarian Futures Part III, we asked librarians and library leaders about their visions of the future: which skills do they see as essential to develop in the short, medium, and long-term? We had a range of responses, but a few points really stuck out to us:
Librarians see digital literacy and critical thinking skills being far more relevant in the long term than library leaders do – possibly reflecting differences in perceptions of AI’s impact on higher education.
The majority of library leaders see marketing strategies as an important skill for librarians to develop within the next two years, though a minority of librarians share this view. Library leaders might therefore have to reflect on how they communicate their vision and priorities to their library colleagues to ensure teams work towards a common goal.
There is a similar disconnect between library leaders and librarians on the topic of pedagogy knowledge. Librarians consistently place a higher importance of this over time than library leaders do – seemingly indicating that they view the role of the academic library very differently.
It’s a good time to look to the future. We asked colleagues from universities around the world to reflect on the information in Librarian Futures Part III, and tell us where they see exciting opportunities and emerging challenges for 2024, and what their upskilling resolutions are for the year ahead.
If you haven’t yet read our latest report, Librarian Futures Part III: The Librarian Skills Landscape, download your copy below:
It would be remiss of me not to mention AI as a starter – the shift it will bring to all parts of society is akin to the changes wrought by the industrial revolution.”
Andrew Barker, Library Director, Lancaster University
“Looking from the vantage point of December 2023, to meet the challenges that 2024 will bring, I have reflected on the skills, or the understanding, I will need to ensure 2024 (and beyond) is a success and that the library I lead at Lancaster continues to be at the vanguard of sustainable innovation.
It would be remiss of me not to mention AI as a starter – the shift it will bring to all parts of society is akin to the changes wrought by the industrial revolution, and I need to begin to better improve my understanding of the opportunities and challenges (in that order) it is bringing.
It will have far-reaching consequences to libraries and librarians as we once again reframe our old skills to meet new opportunities, it will bring lots of opportunities, but we need to better understand the skills it will require from us – and for us to keep an open mind about the changes it will bring. It will change education, but once again our skills as librarians will ensure we prosper.
Secondly, I want to dive deeper into understanding the connectivity between being part of a university committed to sustainability and the resources we license and purchase – understanding that will ensure we are then able to drive change in the sector to think of new ways of delivering digital to our users without further dam aging the planet. Both big things to deal with to think about and upskill – but it is in the big changes where we will bring meaningful change. Bring it on!”
Hector R. Perez-Gilbe
Research Librarian for the College of Health Sciences, University of California
Skills never thought to be part of a librarian’s position description are now the norm. It hasn’t stopped and it doesn’t look like it is going to stop anytime soon.”
Hector R. Perez-Gilbe, Research Librarian for the College of Health Sciences, University of California
Librarians have been facing drastic changes in their professional world for the last couple of decades and I feel confident in saying that the most drastic changes within academic professions. Technology has impacted libraries in ways that revolutionized the librarian profession into challenges that are constantly changing. Skills never thought to be part of a librarian’s position description are now the norm. It hasn’t stopped and it doesn’t look like it is going to stop anytime soon. The new set of skills and knowledge required to keep up with current trends in information and information-seeking behaviors have taken us to places we never imagined.
When I was in library school, I never thought I would be involved in learning programming coding, or statistical understanding. As a medical librarian, I was always trying to stay ahead or neck and neck with the changes. Tough proposition at the time, so I enrolled in an epidemiology program and got my MPH. Data, analysis, and programming are the main topics in medical librarianship if you want to get elbow-to-elbow with the big leagues of medical information and clinical research.
Our role has shifted from reference desk to team members in clinical research and systematic review studies. Far from the librarian of 20 years ago. Librarians in all disciplines have to keep up with trends in their areas of expertise and the only way to do so is to go out of our comfort zone and learn new skills. One big accomplishment, non-librarian colleagues see us as an asset and team member to help achieve their professional goals. Let’s see where the next chapter will take us.
Hannah Rutledge
Director of Library and Information Services, Longwood Gardens
That is the beauty of this profession – our skills, ideas, and visions are transferrable across a wide range of settings.”
Hannah Rutledge, Director of Library and Information Services, Longwood Gardens
When Librarian Futures Part III was in the research phase, I was at the University of Pennsylvania Libraries as director of their biomedical library. Now, reading the published report, I’m the Director of Library and Information Services at Longwood Gardens, immersed in the world of botanical and horticultural librarianship. That is the beauty of this profession – our skills, ideas, and visions are transferrable across a wide range of settings. Naturally, I feel somewhat removed from the academic library world, yet there are numerous parallels, many of which are clearly outlined in Librarian Futures Part III report, allowing me to feel inspired and right at home.
If I may be honest, the report left me with more questions. I was intrigued but not fully surprised by the different perspectives of library leaders and frontline librarians. This shows not only difference of priorities (which is expected), but it may also show the opportunity for a gap in communication or understanding. Are they communicating these priorities to each other? Does this impact the availability of or support for professional development? Furthermore, I’m curious as to the breakdown of “library leaders,” as there are various levels of library leaders with different priorities in the same institution (i.e. medical library director vs dean of libraries). Now that the librarian skills landscape has been identified, what is the next step? How can we help librarians advocate for the training and development they need? What additional work is needed to accurately identify those interests, needs, and opportunities?
To run off to the gardens now…At Longwood Gardens we have horticultural students and interns (domestic and international), executive leadership fellows, as well as staff and researchers seeking information from various fields ranging from landscape architecture to garden design to sculpture, from turf care to orchids to woody plants. The teams under my purview include the library, archives, digital asset management, plant information and mapping, and docents.
My own primary goals for the new year:
To Learn: First, to learn about my staff – their work and expertise, their professional goals, visions, challenges, and concerns; ultimately, to learn how I can best support and advocate for them. How do they want to grow – individual and as a team? Second, to learn about our Longwood colleagues – their information needs and priorities, and to ensure we have the proper resources and services for their future needs. Third, to learn about the larger organization – its culture, history, strategic priorities, and future planning – so that we can best inform and align our initiatives, resources, and communications.
To Cultivate Innovation: Longwood Gardens is undergoing a $250 million Longwood Reimagined Project, which includes a new library as well as new spaces for archives, digital asset management, and plant records. My priority is to not only ensure a smooth move for our collections and technologies, but to also empower my team to think differently about processes, policies, and workflows; to be comfortable trying new ideas and failing and learning; to experiment with new ways to work and new ways to engage and serve our users.
To Research: What is already known in the realm of botanical and horticultural librarianship? What are the top journals? What topics are my fellow librarians exploring? Who are the vendors, the book dealers, the collaborators? Just like learning the way around a new city, I must learn this area of librarianship. Additionally, I’ll explore my own budding interests in the field: the history of women in gardens, the science of camellias, and the possibility of new research outlets for botanical and horticultural librarians.
These are vague goals, lacking any actionable tasks, outcomes, or timelines. At this point, they serve more as a guide. With Librarian Futures Part III in tow (as well as the previous two), I intend to utilize the data and insights to help create a better library, archives, and information services – for our users, for the success of the organization, and most importantly, for my staff.
Christine Quirion
Chief Operating Officer, Skilltype
Librarians play a large role in connecting their communities as bridges between people and organizations. Information is the tip of the iceberg.”
The Librarian Futures III report findings show high representation of information science skills across the community, suggesting a comfort zone. Librarians play a large role in connecting their communities as bridges between people and organizations. Information is the tip of the iceberg. The libraries Skilltype works with encourage re-skilling in areas such as AI, online learning, and data literacies so the library can be a full partner in teaching and research. Based on the report’s findings, Skilltype will highlight skills that help information professionals increase their impact and curate their careers in 2024. Skills that I expect to see more of include community outreach, instructional design, project management, assessment, design thinking, marketing, and user experience. These are essential skills to uncover community needs, communicate effectively with stakeholders, and maximize the library’s impact.
Across my academic library career, my skill range extended organically every few years. I started as a digitization supervisor and grew into leadership, UX, and digital development. Now, I’m part of a startup for libraries. Each time I extended my range, my network grew to include colleagues from campus IT, student services, or teaching & learning. New people and perspectives can also be catalysts for growth.
Richard French
Product Manager, OpenAthens
Our research has found that in today’s academic world, the roles of IT and librarians are converging more than ever.”
Richard French, Product Manager, OpenAthens
Our research has found that in today’s academic world, the roles of IT and librarians are converging more than ever. Embracing technology has become pivotal for librarians, forming an integral part of their responsibilities. At OpenAthens, our focus for the next year is on simplifying our products and empowering librarians with user-friendly tools, enabling them to adeptly navigate the increasing significance of technology within their roles.
Contributors
Thank you to Andrew Barker, Hector R. Perez-Gilbe, Hannah Rutledge, Christine Quirion and Richard French for their contributions to this blog post.